@ Bann Duncan
You are taking a period of political turmoil and instability and using it as evidence of what centralized states were. All polities in periods such as this undergo periods of repression.
In general however, in terms of social mobility, property rights, meritocracy/...etc, the modern state provided much better models for the majority of people, ie the middle class. Of ocurse have nots were present and perhaps suffered worse living conditions, but that's not my point.
Addai67 wrote...
That's not true. It was the medieval system that spawned guilds of tradesmen, lay societies associated with the church that promoted local enterprise and women's rights, and mercantile societies that allowed the upward mobility of the middle class. These declined or were in some cases entirely eliminated in the early modern period with the resurgence of Roman law and more authoritarian monarchies. The modern state provided correctives, but those were correctives to problems that modernism itself brought on, not the feudal system.
These happened in spite of feudalism and not thanks to it. If the nobles had as much power as they thought was their right, they would have kept the status quo to their favor.
What you are saying is certainly not the case in continental Europe. France is the example I know and studied the most and I can say that it was the centralization of government under Richelieu, Mazarin and Louis XIV that empowered the middle class (even politically, the bureaucracy and administration was manned by them) and made France the most powerful country in Europe, at the time.
The pre-Revolution crisis, systemic changes in the international arena, and the perpetuation of privileges and the Tier system when it was no longer needed and served no function, cause political instability despite Louis XVI actually being a socialist. But in the larger picture, France continued to expand its centralized govenrment and continued to improve, political instability notwithstanding. Of course France also had excessive centralization later on but that's a different issue.