This crap happens to me frequently. Simple fix:
Delete the files from that section in your screenshot. Also, delete the character from the "Manage Characters" section of your profile. Start up your game, making sure you're connected of course, and either swap some equipment, play the character for a few, and/or just make sure to save. Frankly, the only thing that matters is that you make a save, overwrite or new, doesn't seem to matter. Once that's done, you may have to wait some defined period of time (a few hours? overnight?), I don't really know. But go back into your profile on this site and just keep clicking around between the profile diagnostics section, the manage characters section, and your main profile/forum post record area. Eventually, it'll force the thing to upload the character and they'll pop up. Worst case, the files are still bugged and you have to do it again. Had to do it recently with my current avatar to get the Sentinel Armor to appear correctly.