I do think we have to use a certain amount of context when discussing historical figures and behaviours. For example, slavery is totally and utterly reprehensible. We can make distinctions however between people who actively fought against slavery, people who owned slaves but treated them like equals, people who owned slaves because it was a cultural norm and never considered the implications, and people who abused and violated their slaves. Most of the people I have mentioned took part in an abhorrent institution- but these people are all individual cases. People can live within an institution without being supportive of it. People can also be culturally insular- especially in situations where the media is strongly controlled b the reigning government. Many of us are lucky to live in a situation where we can view our actions through the eyes of other cultures, and thus shed light upon ourselves. Historical cultures often did not have that option.
I suppose what I am trying to say is that even in awful situations we can make distinctions between people's attitudes and behaviour. I also think the Milgram experiment is very apt here- a very high percentage of people will do things they disagree with because someone in authority ordered them to. Its been replicated over several different cultures, with both men and women, and it shows how frighteningly easy it is to obey.
I totally agree. I read pretty ugly stories about slavery in Usa. I did feel often angry and felt disgusted. But reading history, I didn't forget my brain and go, " ZOMG, today slavery is evil, all those people were evil for having slaves. They were villains. " Despite the thing being entirely disgusting and utterly reprehensible, I've looked who was really mean, who was kind to his slaves, who considered them as equal, etc etc. I didn't deny that among those who had slaves, there were good mothers, good fathers, people that never did anything wrong in their life, and yet considered slavery as fine.
I don't think it is. Slavery wasn't illegal at the time, but that's not the point, it was still unethical. Just because something is socially acceptable and legal doesn't mean it's right. "Everybody does it!" is not an argument, it's an excuse.
But then again, whether or not morality depends on the context is an old question, and I'm not saying I have all the answers. But to assume that morality is entirely a matter of opinion is just lazy thinking.
Please dont argue about one point I didn't really raise. That you find something unethical is fine. Going : ZOMG they are all villains, they are all evil, KILL THEM ALL, when judging people or a whole society in medieval times based on modern standards, with war crimes against humanity, convention of geneva, U.N laws or whatnot, without any regard for what they were being taught in the past, their level of evolution isn't fine. Before we reach those same modern standards you are applying to those people, it took us thousands of years, the era of humanism, industrial,, etc, so please think about that, and do not forget it. As do people who write history.
I won't think that romans were villains and evil. What they did with slavery was wrong, unethical but the era was barbaric in all the world. So I do not forget the context, and personal differences between people and when I judge their society, I judge them for what they were, humans at their time, with bad sides and good sides, I condemn what needs to be condemned. I don't think at all that Caesar was evil despite having slaves, and despite being a conqueror. He was good to his slaves, he achieved good things, he had good sides, etc.
What is lazy thinking to me, it's comparing some medieval fantasy ( or rl ) guys to Nazy, totally irrelevant. What is lazy thinking, it's denying the social context, the social norm, the era, in a whole society and condemning an entire medieval country to death just because they are not as tolerant with their opinions as we are today, in modern times. It took time to change the mindset of many societies. What is lazy thinking is thinking black and white.