Let's say the Titans were lionturtle-esque homes to the dwarves. What would that mean for the dwarves inhabiting them when the Evanuris started to kill the Titans and mine their bodies?
I think the Sha-Brytol are the precursors to Caridin's golems, and I think they originated in the war with the Evanuris. Maybe Caridin even encountered some of them in the Deep Roads, and got the idea for the Anvil of the Void from them. Think about it; the Sha-Brytol defend the Titan with mindless ferocity. But they can't speak to it, they can't calm it, and the lyrium armor they wear is bonded to their skin. (Btw, ew
) The creation process for the golems involves pouring molten lyrium into the golem's shell, with a living dwarf inside. It sounds like it's a brutal refinement of the Sha-Brytol.
Here's where the Blight comes in, and we get REALLY tinfoil hat. I don't have any proof for this, just a hunch.
I don't think the Blight was inherently part of Thedas. I think it was created, by the ancient dwarves, as a last-ditch attempt to drive off the Evanuris. I think the dwarves realized what the Evanuris were after, and started poisoning the Titans' blood, with disastrous consequences for both sides of the conflict. The Evanuris brought corrupted lyrium back to their people. Andruil crafted her weapons out of the stuff, and began to go crazy until Mythal stopped her rampage. At some point, enough of the Blight had spread among the Evanuris where Solas realized they'd destroy the world if they carried on like this. Maybe Mythal even brought spirit!Solas into physical being for the express purpose of stopping the Blight. But then the Evanuris killed her, and Solas raised the Veil. He stopped the Evanuris, but not the Blight, which slowly but surely spread underground.
So what happened to the dwarves once their Titans were dead or Blighted? Some would inevitably die. Some probably became the first ghouls. Others might scatter. Maybe the survivors eventually banded together to form the precursors to dwarven thaigs. It would explain why Valta found nothing about the Titans in Orzammar's memories; by the time the thaigs rose, no one remembered the Titans except a reverence for "the Stone." And it would explain why the darkspawn seem to just burst out from the ground; the corruption that drives them originates from the Stone itself.