Sexuality is still being learned about. Just last week, there was just the announcement of two genes which are correlated with homosexuality. There is a biological component to it. It's different. We just don't know how and to what extent yet. In 100 years, we'll likely know for sure.
The fact that it is accepted that all of the other examples are preferences and/or choices (regardless of what you think of sexuality), however, goes to demonstrate that there is not nor has there been a biological explanation for it. Perhaps there is and we'll learn of it eventually, but as of now, there's not. They are considered different than sexuality.
Humans are a pretty bright species. We're able to identify things before we understand them. Think about miasma theory (or "bad air"), even before people knew what was causing sickness specifically, they were able to link it to the air and name it. The fact that no one, at least as far as I know, has created a term for "race-sexual" makes me think that it's always been viewed as a choice.
I wish I had a stronger background in cultural and linguistic anthropology to discuss this in further detail. Perhaps this is a future area of dissertation research for you if you choose to do a doctoral program!
But other forms of attraction are biological as well. Things like being attracted to the healthiest looking potential mates so as to produce healthy offspring, or the way our ancestors apparently favored mates with certain features (lack of hair, etc), that helped lead to humans looking how we do now. What about attraction to human features that aren't related to gender? These are every bit as biological.
You say there's no word for "sexual preferences" but the term is right there. The reason there aren't a plethora of more specific terms is that they vary so much from person to person that you would need a word for every single one. And as an aside, I don't like the implication that everything except gender is a "choice". We don't choose any of what we're attracted to.
"Fetish" is a concept that has existed for a long time, as an attraction to more unusual things, and I don't think asexuality was even acknowledged as existing until relatively recently. Neither was Lesbianism, for that matter, which was seen as rejecting men rather than an attraction to women. Just because things were viewed a certain way in the past doesnt make them accurate, by any means.
And to be incredibly blunt, I don't believe that sexuality is purely determined by genes. There are instances of identical twins with different sexualities. I think it's a mixture of many different factors, like other forms of attraction.
I'm currently studying computer science at university, so I think sexuality is a bit out of my field of study.
And it's probably best that this conversation doesn't derail the thread any further, so I guess I'll just agree to disagree and end it here.