Here is my view.
Tevinter: The Roman Empire during the Byzantine era
Orlais: France, specifically france during the 1500s and 1600s.
Ferelden: Anglo-saxon England if they kicked out Wiliam the conquerer(which they tried).
Antiva: Italian republics crossed with spain.
Nevarra: this is the hardest one. Their burial practices are a bit remensecent of Egypt. their kingdom is more traditional. I might go with the kingdom of Naples then.
Rivain: Medieval Ilberia; Rivain is split between the Qun and the kingdom of Rivain, just as medieval iberia was split between the christians and muslims.
Free Marches: Italian City States
Anderfels: The closest would probaly be the kingdom of Jerusalem. The kings of both countries often were week with a great deal influence and power going to an order of military knights.
Qunari: Confuctionist/Taosist Abbassids.
Orlesian Chantry: Catholic Church
Tevinter Chantry: Eastern Orthodox