Here’s a little tidbit of World War II history I read about long ago. For a long time I questioned its veracity, but recently I was able to read a relevant publication in the papers of the historical society of the town of Haaksbergen near the Dutch-German border.
Back in World War II, the Germans overran the Netherlands in 1940 while on their way to defeat the French and British forces. While convenient for the German army, it was a bit of a shock for the Dutch who, while not exactly fond of the Nazis, mostly regarded the Germans as more or less good neighbours and family, so to speak.
That sentiment was more or less reciprocated (in fact, the Nazis, while not saying so openly for diplomatic reasons, really considered the Dutch and the Flemings as Germans who had to be ‘gently coaxed back into the Reich’). One of the German acts to curry favour with their long-lost cousins was quickly releasing all the (circa 350,000) Dutch POW’s.
By 1943, however, the Germans were clearly beginning to lose the war. They needed manpower for their armies and replacement labour in their factories. So they announced that the former Dutch POW’s would be transported off to Germany to work there.
In may of 1943 this led to massive strikes in the Netherlands. One of the towns affected was the little border town of Haaksbergen, which had a significant textile industry.
Relations between Dutch and Deutsche had already soured, and there was no more talk of being ‘Mr. Nice Neighbourly Nazi Cousin’ on the German part. In the neighbouring region of Twente (north of Haaksbergen) they shot some workers pour encourager les autres.
So too in Haaksbergen; the town was a bit of a rural backwater, and the people there were still starting the strike as their colleagues further north had already stopped. A German police officer by name of Schatz (which can mean ‘honey/darling’ in German as well as – minus the Z – in Dutch) took it upon himself to break the strike swiftly and decisively. He went to Haaksbergen with his unit and ordered the director of the local textile factory to get everybody working again. The director was given a mere handful of hours to gather hundreds of workers who were scattered all over Haaksbergen and the surrounding countryside. The director got most of the people in time, but not everybody and Lieutenant Schatz (maybe the man was bothered by his ‘softie’ name?) decided to make an example and picked a number of men and girls at random from the assembled workers. The girls were released later in the evening and had to walk 20 km from the SS barracks in the frontier town of Glanerbrug to Haaksbergen, but the men were transported off to the city of Hengelo up north for ‘trial’. What happened next is a bit confusing, but en route the truck transporting the men stopped, the men were ordered out and most were shot in the street. Two men escaped, a 40 –year old father of six and a young man of 18.
The 40-year old guy later returned to work, worried that if he didn’t, his family would suffer reprisals. He was arrested and later ‘killed while trying to flee’. The young man went underground, survived the war and died at a reasonably old age in 1999.
Here’s the ironic part. The name of that lone survivor? Herman Göring… 