Getting slightly off topic here, but how do we really know that the Milky Way really looks like how we envision it? We've observed other galaxies and made deductions based on data collected from observing surrounding systems, but no one really knows what our own home galaxy looks like.
It would be funny if we finally got a clear view of our galaxy and it looked nothing like how we pictured it.
We can actually map a rough draft of the spiral arms of the milky way by their appearance in the skies above earth since we exist within one of the spiral arms. It's actually pretty simple, comparatively, and it is how we know that we are in a barred spiral galaxy. There are regions of increased stellar density and decreased stellar density, that are clearly representative of a pattern. Furthermore, distance can he judged via parallax, and a rough galaxy map can be constructed. Does that make sense?
Obviously it is crude, but it is enough to know that we DO live within a barred spiral galaxy without question, and since there are millions upon millions of barred spiral galaxies that look pretty much exactly alike in the universe, it'd be surprising if our concept of the Milky Way was that far off.