I'm running Windows 10 and Had the same problem, I tried the usual admin stuff (which should not effect me anyway as I have all games etc run from a different drive).
Went around circles then realised there was a log directory, with an error in the file
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D3D Error Log - Jade Empire
Compile Time: Jan 23 2007 12:55:19
Run Time: 01/25/2016 18:56
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WinMain.cpp SET #3!!!
CExoFile(English\dialog.tlk): FAILED: The system cannot find the path specified.
CExoFile(dialogF.tlk): FAILED: The system cannot find the file specified.
RenderSystem.ApplySettings: Adapter from settings not found, using default!
RenderSystem.ApplySettings: Display mode from settings not found, using default!
RenderSystem.ApplySettings: ERROR: Device does not support the default display mode, can't run the game!
I check another system which I knew the game was working on (Windows 7) machine and it started with the same set of errors accept for the last one.
"Device does not support the default display mode, can't run the game!"
After checking the JadeEmpire.ini file (found in the Jade Empire game folder) the RefreshRate=60 where as I knew my screen was running at 75, so I changed that along with a couple of others settings and it now works.. Note the JadeEmpireConfig still errors out however you can make all the changes you need without that.
Settings I changed..
RefreshRate=75
Widescreen=1
ScrW=1920
ScrH=1080
ClampFPS=0
Hope this helps others..